ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Rishabh Garg, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, India. He has authored two books and has extensive professional experience in blockchain architecture and related technologies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Illustrations xix
Foreword xxv
Preface xxvii
1 Introduction 1
2 Distributed Ledger Technology 11
2.1 Different Types of Distributed Ledger Technology 11
2.2 Chronological Evolution 13
2.3 Blockchain Architecture 15
3 Blockchain Ecosystem 23
3.1 Working of Blockchain 24
3.2 Key Characteristics 29
3.3 Unspent Transaction Output 30
3.4 Classification of Blockchain on Access Management 30
3.5 Consensus 32
3.6 Payment Verification in Blockchain 37
3.7 Hashgraph 39
3.8 Scalability 40
4 Transactions in Bitcoin Blockchain 43
4.1 Coinbase Transactions 43
4.2 Transactions Involving Fiat Currency 47
4.3 Top Fiat Currencies for Bitcoin Transactions 50
4.4 Price Determination for Bitcoin in Transactions 51
4.5 Controlling Transaction Costs in Bitcoin 57
5 Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric 67
5.1 Early Attempts to Program Cryptocurrencies 68
5.2 Smart Contracts 69
5.3 Working of Ethereum 72
5.4 Hyperledger 74
5.5 Working of Hyperledger 74
5.6 Ethereum Versus Hyperledger 79
5.7 Decentralized Applications 81
5.8 Tokens 84
6 Identity as a Panacea for the Real World 87
6.1 Identity Systems 87
6.2 Centralized Model 92
6.3 Cost and Benefits 100
6.4 Quest for One World – One Identity 108
7 Decentralized Identities 115
7.1 Identity Models 115
7.2 Block chain-based Solutions 117
7.3 Identity Management 119
7.4 Identity Storage | Interplanetary File System 121
7.5 Biometric Solutions 130
7.6 Identity Access 139
7.7 Merits of a Proposed System 141
7.8 Disadvantages of the Proposed System 144
7.9 Challenges 145
7.10 Solutions with Hyperledger Fabric 146
8 Encryption and Cybersecurity 151
8.1 Cryptography 151
8.2 Playfair Cipher 153
8.3 Hill Cipher 167
8.4 RSA Algorithm in Cryptography 171
8.5 Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library 175
8.6 SHA-512 Hash in Java 180
8.7 Cybersecurity 183
9 Data Management 193
9.1 Data Science 193
9.2 Education and Employment Verification 194
9.3 Health Care 204
9.4 Genomics 210
9.5 Food Supply Chain 211
9.6 Real Estate 213
9.7 Crowd Operations 216
10 Banking and Finance 227
10.1 Banking and Investment 227
10.2 Trade Finance 236
10.3 Auction Process 248
10.4 Decentralized Finance 263
10.5 Prediction Markets 286
11 Growing Landscape of Blockchain 297
11.1 Blockchain Applications in Real World: An Overview 297
11.2 e-Governance 297
11.3 Supply Chain Management 305
11.4 e-Commerce 310
11.5 Distributed Resources and Internet of Things 317
11.6 Decentralized Streaming 320
12 Functional Mechanism 329
12.1 Software Requirements 329
12.2 Installing a Mobile Application 330
12.3 Fetching or Uploading the Documents 331
12.4 Government or Third-party Access 335
12.5 Credibility Through Smart Contracts 336
12.6 User-Optimized Features 337
Appendices 339
Glossary 347
Index 371
